What does the term "allegory" refer to in literature?

The term "allegory" in literature primarily refers to a narrative that operates on two levels: the literal level, which tells a straightforward story, and the symbolic level, where characters, events, and details represent broader concepts and truths about human existence. This dual nature allows allegories to convey deeper meanings about morality, society, politics, or human experience as a whole.

For instance, in classic allegories like George Orwell's "Animal Farm," the story about farm animals serves as a critique of political ideologies and human behavior, illustrating complex truths in a way that is accessible and engaging. This method of storytelling can communicate philosophical or moral ideas in a more compelling and vivid manner than straightforward exposition.

The other options do not capture the essence of allegory. A factual recounting of events does not delve into deeper meanings. A narrative focused purely on moral lessons lacks the layered symbolism characteristic of allegories. A plot driven by conflict and resolution does not necessarily align with allegorical storytelling, as not all plots that focus on conflict can be classified as allegorical.